Belgrad Forest in Istanbul

Belgrad Forest (Belgrad Ormani) is one of the largest and most famous forests in Istanbul. 

Located on the European side of this Turkish city, it is nicknamed the "Green Park of Istanbul" or "Green Lung of Istanbul," reflecting its importance as a major source of fresh air and nature in the area. 

In this article, we will explore the enchanting features of Belgrad Forest in Istanbul, its facilities, and the surrounding neighborhoods.

Belgrad Forest in Turkey: Location, History, and Naming Origin

Belgrad Forest is situated in the Sariyer district, northwest of Istanbul, not far from Sisli and Kilyos. It covers an area of about 5,300 hectares (53 square kilometers). 

The Black Sea borders it to the north, west, and east, while the southern boundary is defined by the Sariyer district.

The name might remind you of the famous European city Belgrade. So why is this forest in Istanbul named Belgrad Forest? 

The name dates back to the 16th century during the Ottoman period. 

Under the reign of Sultan Suleiman the Magnificent (1520-1566), a group of war captives from Belgrade, now the capital of Serbia, were brought to Istanbul after the Ottoman conquest of the city in 1521. 

These captives settled in an area near the magnificent forest, and the name Belgrad Forest naturally spread.

Over the centuries, Belgrad Forest evolved from being a mere water source to a protected natural area used for recreation and leisure. 

Historically, it served as an important water source for Istanbul, with several dams and aqueducts built to store and transport water to the city. 

Notable among these water structures is the Kirkcesme Dam, built by the order of Sultan Suleiman the Magnificent to supply water to Istanbul.

Many historical dams within Belgrad Forest, such as the Valens Aqueduct and Kirkcesme Dam, were part of the water distribution system in Istanbul during the Ottoman era.

In modern times, Belgrad Forest has become a beloved destination for Istanbul residents and tourists from everywhere, offering the chance to enjoy nature, fresh air, and solitude away from the city's hustle and bustle, in all seasons.

In winter, many enjoy Belgrad Forest amidst the fresh rain or watching the snow blanket the forest in a majestic scene. The harsh cold does not deter anyone from engaging in usual activities, provided they adhere to general safety guidelines. 

You won't find a café or restaurant there closing its doors during snowfall in Istanbul, enhancing the pleasure of wandering, dining, and drinking in Belgrad Forest.

In summer, Belgrad Forest in Istanbul is undoubtedly one of the main destinations to escape the heat, seeking refuge in the forest as a natural haven for relaxation, rejuvenation, and breathing clean air. 

Various sports activities become more popular in Istanbul's lungs during the hot season, attracting visitors interested in walking, barbecuing, exercising, and fishing, besides those who love learning about the amazingly diverse environment.

How to Reach Belgrad Forest

There are several ways to reach Belgrad Forest using public and private transportation in Istanbul. 

Let's review the most common and easy methods:

• Metro

 You can take the M2 metro to Haciosman Station, then take bus 42HM towards Bahcekoy and either walk for a few minutes or take another bus or taxi to the entrance of Belgrad Forest in Istanbul.

• Buses:

 Buses from central Istanbul, especially from Taksim Square, head directly to areas near Belgrad Forest.

• Car: 

If you drive your own car, you can easily reach Belgrad Forest via the TEM Highway and local roads in the Sariyer area of Istanbul.

• Train:

 Several train stations in Istanbul bring you close to Belgrad Forest. You can take a train to Sariyer or Haciosman stations in Istanbul. These stations are relatively close to the forest. After arriving at Haciosman Station, you can take bus 42HM or 42T from the nearby bus station to reach Belgrad Forest.

The entrance fee to Belgrad Forest in Istanbul is very affordable, costing one Turkish lira per person and five liras if entering by car.

Distance from Belgrad Forest to Major Istanbul Areas

Belgrad Forest is relatively close to many important sites in Istanbul, and with the help of transportation networks, it is easy to travel between the forest and these locations. 

For example, the forest is about 20 kilometers from Taksim Square, about 15-20 kilometers from the Bosphorus Strait (depending on the specific point along the channel), about 15 kilometers from Sisli, and about 30 kilometers from the new Istanbul Airport. It is about 25 kilometers from the Fatih area and about 35-40 kilometers from Kadikoy on Istanbul's Asian side.

Environmental Features in Belgrad Forest, Istanbul

Belgrad Forest in Istanbul boasts dense vegetation and is a sanctuary for various animals. Here are some of its natural attractions:

• Caves: 

The caves in Belgrad Forest vary in size and formation, offering opportunities to explore natural geological shapes. However, it is important to be cautious when entering the caves and ensure you have the proper equipment and follow guidelines.

• Waterfalls: 

Several small waterfalls within Belgrad Forest add to the beauty of the natural scenery. These waterfalls are often part of the rivers and streams flowing through the forest, providing a serene and relaxing environment where visitors can unwind and take photos.

• Small Lakes: 

Lakes like Buyuk Bend Lake are popular destinations for picnics and fishing in Belgrad Forest, Istanbul.

Activities Available in Belgrad Forest

Belgrad Forest plays an essential environmental role by providing a large green space in a massive city like Istanbul, improving air quality and offering a tranquil refuge for residents. 

When you visit Belgrad Forest, you'll discover that it is one of the most magnificent parks to access, whether alone or with family or friends. Here are some unforgettable recreational activities you can enjoy in this wonderful place:

• Walking: 

Belgrad Forest in Istanbul has ideal trails for walking, allowing visitors to explore nature and enjoy the fresh air.

• Running: 

Near the walking trails, you'll find specific paths for running, catering to athletes and jogging enthusiasts.

• Cycling: 

There are also designated cycling paths in Belgrad Forest, Istanbul, providing a great opportunity to enjoy nature while exercising.

• Family Picnics and Barbecues: 

Belgrad Forest has areas designated for picnics and barbecues, making it an ideal spot for a fun day out with family or friends.

• Bird Watching: 

Belgrad Forest hosts a wide variety of birds, attracting many bird-watching enthusiasts.

• Camping: 

Many visitors consider this the most wonderful activity, with areas designated for camping for those who want to spend a night or more in nature, especially on clear, moonlit nights.

• Boating: 

Belgrad Forest is near many lakes and water reservoirs, offering suitable opportunities for boating, including fishing trips for enthusiasts.

• Plant Exploration: 

Belgrad Forest is ideal for the growth of many plant species that may seem new to you, including oak, beech, Turkish pine, maple, elm, fir, hawthorn, pistachio, chestnut, wildflowers like lilies and chamomile, herbs like sage and mint, and ferns and mosses that grow in damp, shady areas or cover some ground and rocky areas.

Watching Animals in Belgrad Forest 

As a biologically diverse natural reserve supervised by the Turkish Ministry of Agriculture and Forestry, you'll find many animals here, all protected under strict regulations. Animals in Belgrad Forest include:

• Rabbits: 

You will see them merrily running around or hiding in their burrows underground or between the rocks.

• Foxes:

 The mischievous animals that curiously look at visitors and might quickly hide in their dens when they see them.

• Squirrels:

The cute rodents that love nuts. You can leave hazelnuts near the trees, and they will come to devour them quickly.

• Brown Bears:

 They prefer living among dense trees or in caves. You won't see them in winter as they go into a long hibernation.

• Wild Boars: 

These are rarely seen in any forest, so these animals will spark your curiosity, especially due to their tendency for family life in densely vegetated areas.

• Reindeer:

 You will find them in the northern part of the forest, as they prefer extreme cold. You can take wonderful pictures of these beautiful and graceful creatures.

• Various Types of Birds:

 Including the European owl, the colorful zaryab, and the majestic golden eagle.

Dining at Forest Restaurants and Cafés

Visiting Belgrad Forest gives you the chance to sit in excellent restaurants and cafés, whether in terms of the quality of Turkish and international foods or local and other drinks, especially a delicious Turkish tea. 

Notable restaurants include Nehir Cafe & Restaurant, with its beautiful nature views, and Gokturk Sariyer Belgrad Ormani Piknik Alani, a famous picnic and barbecue spot, among other places offering visitors multiple options to rest and eat while exploring the forest.

Visiting Other Nearby Restaurants

 In the vicinity of Belgrad Forest, you'll find many renowned restaurants that many love to visit for a delicious meal or refreshing drink after exploring the forest, such as Bahcekoy Bahar Garden and Mangalda Steakhouse in Bahcekoy, and Meyra Teras Restaurant in Sariyer, with its charming views of the forest.

Other Forests in Istanbul

Istanbul is not just a historical and cultural city but also home to several forests spread around its outskirts, especially near Sariyer and Belgrad Forest. Here are some famous forests in Istanbul:

Emirgan Forest

Located in the Sariyer district near the Bosphorus Strait in Istanbul, it covers about 47.2 hectares. It hosts a variety of trees and seasonal plants and is famous for its tulips in the spring. Activities such as walking, picnicking, visiting cafés, and photography can be enjoyed here.

Fatih Forest

 Also located in the Sariyer district near Belgrad Forest, it spans approximately 1,450 hectares. It has dense and diverse vegetation and offers trails for walking and cycling.

Ataturk Forest

Another forest close to Belgrad Forest in Istanbul, covering around 345 hectares, with over 2,000 species of trees and shru

bs from around the world. Activities like walking, photography, and learning about plants can be enjoyed here.

Aydos Forest

Located on the Asian side of Istanbul, in the Kartal district, it covers 800 hectares. It includes various local trees and plants, birds, and wildlife. It attracts many visitors for walking, picnicking, cycling, and camping, in an atmosphere similar to the wonderful Belgrad Forest.

Visitors to Istanbul's forests are advised to check the weather before going, carry enough water, food, and necessary equipment, follow safety guidelines, respect the environment, and maintain cleanliness.